The detonation of nuclear devices can cause which phenomenon that may result in grid infrastructure malfunctions?

The detonation of nuclear devices generates an electromagnetic pulse (EMP), which is a burst of electromagnetic radiation. This phenomenon can disrupt or even damage electronic and electrical equipment, including the grid infrastructure that manages power supply. An EMP can induce voltage surges in electrical systems, leading to widespread malfunctions or failures, making it particularly concerning for homeland security and critical infrastructure resilience.

While radiation bursts, shockwaves, and thermal blasts are also consequences of a nuclear explosion, they primarily affect physical structures and human health rather than directly impacting electronic systems and grid infrastructure in the same way an EMP does. Understanding the implications of an EMP is crucial for preparing and protecting infrastructure from potential threats posed by nuclear events.