The USA Patriot Act was replaced in 2015 by which modified legislation?

The USA Patriot Act, originally enacted in response to the September 11 attacks, included numerous provisions aimed at enhancing law enforcement's ability to monitor and prevent terrorism. However, certain aspects of the Act, particularly those concerning surveillance and civil liberties, raised significant concerns over time. In 2015, these concerns led to the introduction of the USA Freedom Act, which modified and replaced several provisions of the Patriot Act.

The USA Freedom Act aimed to address these privacy concerns while still providing authorities with necessary tools for surveillance and national security. Notably, it ended the bulk collection of telephone metadata by the National Security Agency (NSA) and imposed new transparency requirements for government surveillance practices. This legislative change represented an effort to balance national security interests with citizens' rights to privacy, reflecting ongoing debates regarding the extent of government power in the realm of surveillance.

The other options, while significant pieces of legislation within the context of homeland security and criminal justice, do not directly replace the USA Patriot Act. For instance, the Anti-terrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act focuses on terrorism-related reforms and criminal penalties but did not serve as a direct modification or replacement of the Patriot Act. Understanding the nuances of these laws highlights the ongoing legislative evolution in response to national security challenges and